Opener
You've now had a chance to dig well into the Tales of Neveryon, so let's settle down for some closer analysis. Assuming there are themeboes and images that recur across the stories you've read so far, I'd like to see which ones strike you as the most resonant. So reflect on your reading, settling down to specific cases: what images, ideas, or scenes seem to play through this material and why?

After you've posted your opening salvo, respond to others' as they pop up--what can you add to their insights?


Joyce Smaragdis:
One of the thembies of this novel became more crystalized for me after reading Marc's response in the other conference. More specifically, Delany prods the reader to question exchange value, a monied economy, supply-side economics etc. However, it doesn't seem as though Delany is offering the same critique of capitalism as Marx was (or later Marxist theorists for that matter). What I am trying to say is that money seems to be both beneficial and harmful in these stories. I find myself wondering, would Delany consider himself a Marxist critique? I get the sense that he would not, but I am not sure how to categorize him (perhaps I should suppress this impulse anyway). Nevertheless, I think that Money is one of the main thembes of this collection of stories. However, he does not consitently argue that money should be done away with. I think I will post this and wait for some responses. I am flailing.

Jason Michael Tice:
I did not notice the first time homosexuality arose (no pun intended) but when it became clearer later, I re-read and discovered the first instance as well. I believe the first part was when the Vizerine decided to keep Gorgik. Jahor, the eunuch, takes him into HIS tent first as if to give both his sexual opinion of Gorgik as well as his intellectual opinion. I did'nt see it as such at first, but later, in the Tale of Small Sarg, Gorgik initiates sexal activity between himself and his new slave, Sarg. He then goes on to say he can't "function" unless the element of bondage is included. My ? is this, was Gorgik's sexual orientation ambiguous from the outset , or was he conditoned by his enslavement? Any ideas?

Bayle:
I was just fascinated by the way in which references to apparently simple events would continue to chime in the background as I read along. Take for instance the children's game with the ball: their chant, sung as they bounced the ball higher and higher, evokes the mythistory of this fictive realm--makes me want to know who Mad Olin was, why she was warning people, and then why it seems to young Gorgik that the warning is offered ironically--not to be taken at face value. These little balls turn up in later tales as signifiers of economic activity--trade, hidden origins, uncertain profits, and even of desire: people want these little rubber balls.
Or take the three-legged pots, for another example--surely an inconsequential object, but as we watch their deployment, they start to gain increasing significance.
All of this is to ignore more insistent and obvious symbolic objects like the slave collar, sign of economic, sexual, emotional, and power dynamics all at once. I found it fascinating to consider this thing as in some respects both beautiful and ugly, both opening and constraining, both enabling and marginalizing. . .

Marc C. Hutcheson:
Delany seems to be making a political statement on page 170 near the bottom, starting with "I heard...that a man approached Her Highness not a month back with a scheme for making money out of vellum". I get the impression that Delany agrees with those American political figures back in the early 19th century who thought it an absurd idea to make money out of paper. They thought the result would be worthless and look at inflation now. Those during the depression, however, did not think it so worthless because it was good for heating their homes in the fireplace.
Anyway, that was just a little tidbit. On to other things. I would like to know how the story of the creation of man in the Tale of Potters and Dragons has a healing and soothing effect on men in Raven's world. Perhaps because there they are more open minded and accepting of gender issues. Often what makes people angry is what they most fear to be true. Therefore the unwillingness to accept the inevitable creates tensions and sore tempers. Whether or not one believes the creation story in the tale or in The Bible is another matter and will not be discussed here. However, Delany does raise some interesting ideas foe speculation.

Bayle:
Joyce: how would you see Marx as disagreeing with Delany, then? Was Marx against money?

Jenn Lindberg:
Some of the 'Thembies' I am drawing into my grasp are those issues dealing with gender relations, sexuality and the emergence of sexuality, social class and moderism.

The first scene that caught my attention was with Gorgik and the Barbarian prince. Gorgik had risen to be a mad of some stature, raised above the time from which he was the Vizerine's play toy. When I began reading the sale scene of Smarg, I assumed that Gorgik bought the young boy out of pity, and an inward resonation of "Hey...that used to be me." I was...shocked? at the sexual scene that followed. It got me thinking. Here Delany begins exploring sexuality. It is interesting that this older man starts a slave, becomes a male concubine, and returns to find sexual fulfillment with a young boy. The words spoken by Smarg rings out how the traditional sexual relations are seen : "But that's silly. You're a man. That is what boys do, away from the village in huts, off in the forest. You become a man, you take a woman and you do it in your house with her. You don't do it with boys in the woods anymore." (page 153)

The second resonation was Raven's creation myth. In many ways she reminds me of Janet - or even Jael. She breaks away from the 'traditional' gender roles of woman as person in kitchen, and man as hunter. The Tale of Old Venn reflects much of this, with the mirror analogy.

Bayle:
Marc: would you say that "delany" is making this political claim or the speaker who reports this event? someone else? Why??

And then there's the matter of the effect of the myth in Raven's culture; who says it's got a healing/soothing effect? And then why assume the men of her culture are more accpting (um, than whom?) of gender roles??

Amanda Kathleen Pedersen:
I've been noticing the recurring image of the crazy person. If I remeber correctly, there's a crazy person in every tale. Noyeed (I would assume he's gone quite mad, by now) appears in Gorgik's tale. That image is so strong that it spans tales and gives Gorgik a bad dream in the Tale of Small Sarg. In the Tale of Old Venn, she describes a Rulvyn hunter who goes mad (slowly), and who is killed by his wives, who then slit the throats of their children and themselves. Norema encounters Mad Marga a couple of times in the same tale. And in the Tale of Small Sarg, Sarg recounts the stoning of Crazy Nargit. And when he becomes enslaved, he talks about Nargit. Why are there crazy people in all of the tales? Surely, they add to the dark tone of the novel. And, they say something about the capability of the main characters to have emotions about these people. In other wrods, some of the characters are affected by the crazy people - especially Gorgik and Sarg.

Ash Downs:
In the Tale of Old Venn, when Venn is with the local children, she engages in post-modernist thought. She has the children look in the mirror's placed on the boys' stomachs, to see the differing reflections caused by different perspectives. The images of mirrors are used to show that any given perspective is just that, only one perspective. We went over this in class when discussing the role of point of view and voice in The Female Man. Wasn't the idea of mirrors used to define ourselves part of the concept of immanences. The mirror seems to be a particularly post-modern symbol of questioning and reflecting. Too simplistic? It seems that until we look into a reflection of our assumptions, we can't challenge what we thought we knew.

Jenn Lindberg:
Jason :Interesting question. I don't know if there can be any direct answer to it. Could someone help me out with where exactly Gorgik is from? It might be interesting to look at that factor also.


Marc C. Hutcheson:
Jason,
One idea that I had was that the Vizerine didn't satisfy Gorgik and Jahor somehow did, so therefore his preference switched to men. Also, in the Tale of Gorgik, notice how he was so awestruck (good adjective?) by the slave boy in the courtyard.

Bayle:
Fascinatin' questions, Amanda. . . does craziness mean just a refusal of the local culture's mores?

Bayle:
Jason and Jennifer: why assume that the eunuch has sexual relations or even sexual feelings toward Gorgik or vice versa? where's the evidence for this possibility?

Jason Michael Tice:
Joyce: I don't know if Delany can be categorized either, but I noticed the inconsistencies of the portrayal of money as well. The most interesting part to me was in the Tale of Potters and Dragons when Norema recalls a conversation with Madame Keyne (pp170-171) in which she talks about the way money seperates people. sorry if this was a useless comment


Jenn Lindberg:
Marc : You can see similiar creation myths within other cultures. None have the ripping out of women's genatalia to create male genetalia, however.=-) Perhaps it is comforting to men because it links them with women. Women are the dominant sex in Raven's regent. They seem to be what a 17th century man was to woman -- dominant in *all* aspects, with the men being a taking away from women.


Ash Downs:
The way sexuality is dealt with in Delany's writings seems to parallel all the possibilities of age and gender conflicts still running rampant.

Lauren Moore:
Jenn: "TRaditional" sexual relations?????We (the entire class) has gotta get away from seeing this as trad'l, it's untrue (I hope?) and a bit harmful.

Jason Michael Tice:
Bayle , good question, I thought Eunuchs were asexual too until this . more later.

Amanda Kathleen Pedersen:
Jason:
In the last exchange (about the term project), I had begun to explain the reason why I though that Gorgik seems to choose boys. I mean, as far as I can remember, I think the only sexual encounter with a woman is the one he had with Myrgot. It seemed to me that the sexual encounter between Gorgik and Sarg seemed to have more compassion that the one between Myrgot and Gorgik. Perhaps because these two men have so much in common. There seems to be a bond between them.

Joyce Smaragdis:
Bayle,
I agree with you completely. I found Delany's text to be recursive, and these stories force the reader to go back to (and reread) snippets of earlier tales that suddenly become significant, important. The center of the stories is slippery (at least I can't pin them down). Delany stories exemplify, in a tanglible way, some of the tenets of post-modern theory (at least as defined by Hassan).

In regards to Marx, I would argue that for Marx, money was one of the insidious ways in which the bourgeusie (sp?) alienated the proletariat from their labor....class is over I must go.